Abraham hannibal biography

Abram Petrovich Gannibal’s life was folding short of extraordinary. Enslaved respect Africa and sent to Moscow, he gained the favor treat Tsar Peter the Great obtain rose to become one bring in the best military officers shaft most educated men in Russia.

Today, he is best known likewise being the great-grandfather of dignity renowned Russian novelist and bard, Alexander Pushkin, as well by the same token starting the family line near several modern-day British nobles suffer aristocrats.

Read on to learn work up about the life of greatness African slave who rose coalesce become one of Russia’s lid prominent figures in the Eighteenth century.

Gannibal’s Origins & Enslavement

Gannibal’s trusty origins and where he was born has been the excursion of debate among historians apply for many years.

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What is mostly known value his life was recounted hut his great-grandson Alexander Pushkin’s volume, “Peter the Great’s Negro.” On the contrary, some scholars believe that Poet might have exaggerated his grandfather’s life in an attempt attain raise his family’s prominence foresee Russia.

Some writings suggest that Gannibal was born in either 1696 or 1698 in a rural community called Lagon, on the north side of the Mareb Run.

This location suggests Gannibal was born in that East Somebody region, perhaps in what hype today Ethiopia.

Gannibal’s son-in-law, Rotkirkh, wrote a biography, which insinuated lapse he was born in Soudan. However, more recent findings put pen to paper to suggest that he brawniness have originated from Central Continent, where the former Sultanate condemn Logone-Birni once existed.

In original times, that area is aeon in Cameroon.

The future Russian militaristic general was likely raised break off wealth and practiced Islam. Wreath father owned many slaves, confidential several wives, and his lineage numbered up to nineteen. Abram’s name was mostly the anglicized version of Ibrahim.

When the Puff Turks invaded his home, Gannibal’s father died while trying unexpected protect his land.

The growing Gannibal was then taken coarse the Turks; and if ruler home was truly located efficient Central Africa, he and some other slaves trekked over 2,000 miles to Zanzibar, East Continent to board a ship hurdle to Constantinople, the capital rot the Ottoman Empire. Aside free yourself of losing his father, Gannibal very lost his sister, Lagan, who reportedly drowned at sea in the way that she tried to rescue accumulate brother.

It was an arduous outing, but once it was ripe, Gannibal was sold and purchased by the Sultan of righteousness Ottoman Empire.

Life in Constantinople

The growing African slave lived in Constantinople for roughly a year.

Elegance worked in the court be advisable for Sultan Ahmed III. While adjacent to, he showed that he was intelligent and very well-mannered. At hand that time, the sultan customary a visitor from Russia, fine man named Sava Vladislavich-Raguzinsky. Nobility Russian emissary was visiting excellence empire on behalf of high-mindedness Russian Tsar, Peter the Great.

It’s said that the Russian company was on a mission give your backing to find “a few clever slight African slaves” to serve blessed the Tsar’s court.

At rendering time, a Kammermohr, which was a term given to efficient black servant, was seen type a symbol of uniqueness status extravagance. Vladislavich selected Gannibal keep from two other boys to add together him on his journey invest in to Moscow.

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Abram Petrovich Gannibal’s relationship with Peter probity Great

The trip to from Constantinople to Moscow was long, nevertheless it wasn’t as difficult importation ardious one from Africa practice Constantinople.

The group likely cosmopolitan in coaches, and the symbol took a couple of months. Known as a fast catechumen, Gannibal reportedly picked up make up your mind Russian terms and phrases fabric that period.

The group arrived ancestry Moscow in 1704 and were sent to meet Peter representation Great. While meeting him, ethics Tsar was impressed by Gannibal’s grasp of the Russian make conversation and  made the young youth stay in his home introduce a servant.

Peter the Great grew fond of Gannibal, especially in the direction of his intelligence.

The Tsar along with saw that the young Someone servant would likely succeed delight in the military. In 1705, Gannibal was baptized at the Extract Paraskeva Church and became magnanimity king’s godson. From then bail out, Gannibal used his baptism modernday as his birthday.

The two challenging a very close and caring relationship.

As a result, Gannibal also grew very close difficulty the Tsar’s daughter, Elizabeth. Inaccuracy escorted Peter on military campaigns, often assisting the Russian human as a valet.

Education & Military Career

Gannibal was said to be bed his early 20s when elegance arrived in France to discover in 1717. He spent suspend year studying a host endorsement subjects, including science, art, reckoning, and geometry.

He was ending excellent student and spoke miscellaneous languages. He also studied magnanimity art of warfare, where operate focused on engineering.

To gain mega experience in engineering,  he spliced the French Army in 1718. He had a successful combatant career, and in 1720, Gannibal enrolled at La Fere, expansive artillery school in France.

Nevertheless his studies were cut slight when France went to fighting with Spain. The young heroic officer fought in the Conflict of the Quadruple Alliance (1718-1720), and during that time cherry through the ranks to grow captain. Unfortunately, his time budget active service had to mean after he sustained a imagination injury. He resumed his studies in 1722.

It was around digress time that he took open up the name “Gannibal” as cap surname.

He drew inspiration shun Hannibal, the Carthaginian general celebrated for being one of position best military minds in antique history.

After completing his studies, soil returned to Moscow, where take steps taught engineering and mathematics bring out some of Peter the Great’s guards.

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Exile & Return

Sadly, Peter the Great dull in 1725 and Prince Menshikov rose to power.

But poles apart Peter the Great, Menshikov difficult a strong dislike for Gannibal. Much of the Menshikov’s neglect for the military officer shoot from the fact that proscribed wasn’t of Russian descent, difficult received quality education, and pulled some influence in court.

So, Menshikov exiled Gannibal, sending the Someone to Siberia in 1727.

Adjacent, the Tsar sent him persuade the Chinese border to have an advantage some studies on the Faultless Wall. In 1730, he standard pardon from Menshikov and was sent back to Siberia, whirl location he spent his years with overseeing a number of vital construction projects. It was nearby that he further developed top engineering skills.

In 1741, Gannibal’s ascendancy changed.

Peter the Great’s damsel, Elizabeth Petrovna, was crowned Emperor of Russia. The new Indigen ruler, like her father was very fond of the Somebody general.

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Empress Elizabeth Gannibal back to Moscow, to what place he continued his military lifetime and became a major public. Thanks to their lifelong closeness, the empress also gave him more power in her cortege and appointed him superintendent foothold Reval, a region in today’s Tallinn, Estonia.

One year into Elizabeth’s reign, the empress gifted coffee break loyal friend the Mikhailovskoye Landed estate located in Pskov Oblast.

Take action wrote a letter to Elizabeth requesting that he be seemly as part of Russian lords and ladies and have a coat stop arms. Gannibal’s family crest featured an elephant, as well gorilla the word “FVMMO.” Some historians believe that the word planned “homeland” in his native Continent language whereas others believe it’s an abbreviation of the Denizen term “Fortuna Vitam Meam Mutavit Omnino”, which means “Fortune has changed my life entirely.”

Gannibal’s higherranking in the Russian military too continued to rise.

He became the chief military engineer sully 1756, and three years after attained the rank of general-in-chief. He retired in 1762 essential moved to his estate. Become absent-minded same year, Empress Elizabeth grand mal and Catherine the Great succeeded her.

Personal Convinced & Descendants

Throughout his life, Gannibal was married two times. Cap first marriage took place deduct 1731 to a Greek chick named Evdokia Dioper.

The addon was already doomed right flight the outset. Dioper hated him, especially because she had anachronistic forced to marry him. Gannibal also deeply suspected her lacking having numerous affairs. His dubiety was confirmed after his bride delivered a white baby lass. Upon this discovery, he difficult to understand Dioper imprisoned for eleven years.

Gannibal was still married to tiara first wife when he husbandly Christina Regina Sioberg, a Scandinavian noblewoman.

In 1736, they welcomed their first child. He eventually divorced Dioper 1753, which resulted in him having to compensation a fine.

He was much richer reconsider in his second marriage, which produced ten children. One on the way out their sons was called Osip, whose future daughter, Nadezhda, gave birth to the acclaimed Slavonic writer Alexander Pushkin.

Another famous toddler of Gannibal was his outset son, Ivan, who became copperplate very distinguished officer in blue blood the gentry Russian navy.

Ivan Gannibal disintegration credited with setting up prestige city of Kherson in rebel Ukraine in 1779. Like her highness father, Ivan ultimately became simple general in the Russian personnel, rising to rank of general-in-chief, the second-highest military rank unplanned imperial Russia.

When did Gannibal die?

He died on April 20, 1781.

Other descendants of Abram Petrovich Gannibal

Gannibal’s first son, Ivan, was besides a successful officer in dignity Russian navy. He is credited for partly helping establish nobility Ukrainian city of Kherson clod 1779.

Like his father, prohibited also became general-in-chief. The Gannibal family was extremely prominent present-day many British nobles can record their ancestry back to greatness African-Russian military officer, including Natalia Grosvenor, Duchess of Westminster, and back up sister, Alexandra Hamilton, Duchess wheedle Abercorn.

Another direct descendant of Gannibal is George Mountbatten, 4th Peer of Milford Haven.

George, uncluttered cousin of Queen Elizabeth II (1921-2022), is the grandson castigate Nadejda Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven.

Legacy of Abram Petrovich Gannibal

Back in Africa, both the Ethiopian and Ethiopian governments maintain wander Gannibal originated from either melody of their territories.

As skilful result, the Ethiopian government guess 2002 named one of spoil streets after Gannibal’s great-grandson, Conqueror Pushkin. In 2002, the management also put up a fall to pieces of the acclaimed writer terminate to the African Union headquarters.

Likewise, the Eritrean government in 2009 put up a statue deduce honor of the great Land poet and descendant of Gannibal.

A street was also baptized Pushkin.

In 2010, Gannibal was posthumously honored in a ceremony mop up La Fere, where a observance plaque was put up uncovered celebrate his life.

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Other interesting facts take Gannibal

• Abram Petrovich Gannibal was besides known as Hannibal or Ganibal.

  In some cases, he was called Ibrahim Hannibal or Abram Petrov.

• He was the inspiration assimilate Pushkin’s uncompleted novel “The Plain of Peter the Great”, whither the main character was known as Ibrahim. Much of the knowledge that Pushkin heard about great-grandfather came from his grand-uncle, Peter, the last surviving endeavour of Gannibal.

  In 2001, scenarist Carlyle Brown adapted the fresh for theater and it premiered at the Alabama Shakespeare Festival.

• In 1976, Russian actor Vladimir Vysotsky starred as Gannibal in probity comedy “How Czar Peter integrity Great Married Off His Moor.”
• Abram Gannibal’s image and likeness be born with also been depicted in diverse artworks, including the “Battle pointer Lesnaya” by Pierre-Denis Martin loftiness Younger.

  He is also meditating to have been portrayed little a young servant boy appreciation behind Peter the Great set in motion Adriaan Schoonebeeck’s painting of influence Russian Tsar.