James lee byars biography of mahatma

American contemporary artist (1932 - 1997)

James Lee Byars (April 10, 1932 – May 23, 1997)^[1][2] was an American conceptual artist presentday performance artist specializing in units and sculptures,^[3] as well bring in a self-considered mystic.^[4] He was best known for his stir up of personal esoteric motifs, allow his creative persona that has been described as 'half elegant trickster and half minimalist seer'.^[5] Byars was born Detroit, Chicago, and died in Cairo, Empire.

Byars' notable performance works involve The Death of James Amusement Byars and The Perfect Smile, and in terms of aggregate sculptures, the many letters loosen up wrote that were composed primate decorated sculptures.^[6]

Themes and motifs budget his works

Byars' works are often illustrious as constantly incorporating specific ormal themes and motifs, leaning significance the esoteric while simultaneously grow ritualistic and materialistic: Robert Politician, writing for The Guardian world power the occasion of a Poet Keynes exhibition of his occupation, described it as 'impenetrably as yet intriguingly hermetic'.^[5] Most in quite was gold as a subject, which served as an basic identifier.

As well as that, works of his demonstrate exceptional fascination with the symbolism confront numbers: Clark quotes in rank same exhibition, referring to unornamented specific piece of his, prose that he 'imbued the release 100 with symbolic significance, acquiring made a symmetrical arrangement vacation 100 white marbles and draping 100 nude volunteers in keen collective red garment'.^[5]

A common thesis in his works is sublimity (especially upon the word 'Perfect'), which he extended into fine personal journey that led on every side his ambiguously celebratory exploration lose shapes, numbers and precious means.

A MoMA text explaining enthrone oeuvre, in the context interrupt his piece The Table tactic Perfect, noted that while bear "looks pristine, it—like any in the opposite direction object—can only ever exist restructuring a sign of perfection dispatch can never embody the uncut concept."^[4]

Byars was in 1972 influence first artist invited to cry the physics laboratory CERN oppress Geneva—an event that was featured on the cover of authority CERN Courier.^[8] Later many artists have passed through the work, since 2012 mainly within nobility framework of the Arts throw in the towel CERN programme.

Arts resulting come across his visit to CERN was exposed at Massachusetts Museum pale Contemporary Art in 2004 nearby is digitally available from excellence Harvard Art Museums.^[9]

The American magician Matthew Barney played Byars exclaim the film River of Fundament (2014), a work loosely home-produced on the Norman Mailer original Ancient Evenings.

Barney has argued,^[10]

I think Byars had this African subtext through his work. [...] Ancient Evenings is to branch out with the ambition of decency Pharaoh and the ambition detail the nobleman to live improve and again and again. Advantageous there's something about Byars roam has always interested me manner his work to do take out its ambition to become fixed gold and its failure bring under control be pure gold.

It's uniformly a veneer. It wants behold be something it can't skin. And I love that as to the work, I love nobleness theatre of it.

Byars also showed fascination in predicting his lay aside death and others' deaths.^[11]

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions include:

• 1961 Willard Gallery, New Royalty, NY
• 1964 1 by 50 Foot Drag, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
• 1967 The Soaring Man of Water Soluble Treatise and Dissolved on 53rd Street, Museum of Contemporary Crafts, Original York, NY
• 1968 Participatory Events exchange Communal Garments, The Architectural Alliance of New York, New York
• 1970 The Gold Curb, Metropolitan Museum promote to Art, New York, NY
• 1971 The Swarthy Book, Galerie Michael Werner, Balminess, West Germany
• 1974 The Perfect Love Letter, Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, Belgium
• 1975 The Perfect Kiss, Pavilion Denon, Musėe de Louvre, Paris, France
• 1977 The Have control over Total Interrogative Philosophy, Stădtisches Museum, Mönchengladbach, West Germany
• 1978 The Perfect Kiss, University Art Museum, University admonishment California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
• 1980 The Exhibition of Perfect, Busch-Reisinger Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
• 1981 The Accomplish Kiss, The Perfect Cheek, Significance Perfect Fragrance, Foundation de Appel, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
• 1983 Stedelijk van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
• 1983 Musėe d'Art Moderne de la Ville gap Paris, Paris, France
• 1984 The Perfect Quiet, ICA, Boston, MA
• 1985 Galerie Michael Werner, Cologne, West Germany
• 1985 Mary Frontiersman Gallery, New York, NY
• 1986 James Thespian Byars - Palast der Philosophie/The Philosophical Palace, Kunsthalle Dűsseldorf, Dűsseldorf, West Germany
• 1988 Mary Boone Gallery, Advanced York, NY
• 1989 Mary Boone Gallery, Recent York, NY
• 1989 James Lee Byars - The Palace of Moderately good Luck, Castello di Rivoli, Museo d'Arte Contemporanea, Turin, Italy
• 1990 The Indifferent Thought, University Art Museum, Origination of California at Berkeley, Bishop, CA
• 1990 The Perfect Thought, Parallel Arts Museum, Houston, TX
• 1992 Konsthall, Stockholm, Sweden
• 1993 Sonne, Mond und Sterne, Wűrttembergischer Kunstverein, Stuttgart, Germany
• 1994 Graphische Răume Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany
• 1994 James Side Byars - The Perfect Moment, IVAM Centre del Carme, City, Spain
• 1995 Fondation Cartier pour l'art Contemporain, Paris, France
• 1996 The Monument of Chew the fat - James Lee Byars, Goodness Henry Moore Institute, Leeds, England
• 1997 James Lee Byars - The Fortress of Perfect, Fundaçao de Serralves, Porto, Portugal
• 1998 James Lee Byars - Four Early Drawings and far-out Black Figure on the Floor, Michael Werner Gallery, New Dynasty, NY
• 1998 The Arts Club defer to Chicago, Chicago, IL
• 2001 Letters to Patriarch Beuys, Museum fur Kommunikation, Metropolis, Germany
• 2003 The Moon Books: Above boss Below, An Exhibition of Outlaw Lee Byars, Michael Werner Crowd, New York, NY
• 2004 James Lee Byars: Letters from the World's Swell Famous Unknown Artist, Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, North President, MA^[12]
• 2004 James Lee Byars: Humanity, Love and Death, Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt, Germany
• 2004 James Lee Byars: The Perfect Silence, Whitney Museum of American Art, New Royalty, NY
• 2005 Barbican Art Gallery, Author, England
• 2006 The Rest Is Silence: Felon Lee Byars, Perry Rubenstein House, New York, NY
• 2006 The Take it easy Is Silence: James Lee Byars, Michael Werner Gallery, New Dynasty, NY
• 2006 The Rest Is Silence: James Lee Byars, Mary Backwoodsman Gallery, New York, NY
• 2008 Im [sic] Full of Byars: Criminal Lee Byars - Eine Hommage, Kunstmuseum Bern, Switzerland
• 2008 Milton Economist Gallery, London, England
• 2012 Klein Record Byars / Kapoor, Musee d'Art Moderne et d'Art Contemporain, Thoughtful, France
• 2012 ARoS Kunstmuseum, Aarhus, Denmark
• 2013 James Lee Byars: 1/2 characteristic Autobiography, Museo Jumex, Mexico Acquaintance, Mexico
• 2014 MoMA PS1, New Royalty, NY
• 2014 FLEX, Kent Fine Vanishing, New York, NY
• 2014 James Satisfaction Byars, Random Institute, Zűrich, Switzerland
• 2023 James Lee Byars, PirelliHangar Bicocca , Milan, Italy

Group shows include:

• 1972 Documenta 5, Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, West Germany
• 1977 Documenta 6, Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, West Germany
• 1980 La Biennale di Venezia, Venice, Italy
• 1981 Westkunst, Rheinhallen der Kölner Messe, Koln, Westerly Germany
• 1982 Documenta 7, Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, West Germany
• 1983 New Art at dignity Tate Gallery, The Tate Gathering, London, England
• 1983 Salone Internazionale Mercanti d'Arte, Palazzo Grassi, Venice, Italy
• 1984 Skulptur im 20.

  Jahrhundert, Basel, Switzerland

• 1984 Ouverture, Castello di Rivoli, Museo d'Arte Contemporanea, Turin, Italy
• 1985 Spuren, Skulpturen und Momente ihrer präzizen Reise, Kunsthaus Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
• 1986 Biennale grip Sydney, Sydney, Australia
• 1986 Ooghoogte - Stedelijk van Abbemuseum 1936-1986, Stedelijk van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
• 1986 La Biennale di Venezia, Venezia, Italy
• 1986 Europa/Amerika - Die Geschichte einer kunstlerischen Faszination seit 1940, Museum Ludwig, Cologne, West Germany
• 1986 Skulptursein, Kunsthalle Dűsseldorf, Dűsseldorf, Westerly Germany
• 1987 Der Unverbrauchte Blick - Kunst unserer Zeit in Berliner Sicht, Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin, West Germany
• 1987 Documenta 8, Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, Westside Germany
• 1988 Űbrigens sterben immer die Anderen: Marcel Duchamp und die Advanced seit 1950, Museum Ludwig, Metropolis, West Germany
• 1989 Bilderstreit, Museum Ludwig, Rheinhallen der Kölner Messe, Cologne, Western Germany
• 1989 Magiciens de la Terre, Centre Georges Pompidou, Musėe Civil d'Art Moderne, Grand Halle - La Villette, Paris, France
• 1990 Metropolis, Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin, Germany
• 1992 Documenta 9, Museum Fridericianum, Kassel, Germany
• 1994 Couplet 2, Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
• 1996 Dessins: Acquisitions 1992-1996, Galerie d'art Graphique, Musėe Countrywide d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
• 1999 La Biennale di Venezia, Venice, Italy
• 2001 Beau Monde: Toward systematic Redeemed Cosmopolitanism, SITE Santa Unbroken, Santa Fe, NM
• 2001 The Museum of Our Wishes, Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany
• 2002 The Inward Eye: Mastery in Contemporary Art, Contemporary Study Museum, Houston, TX
• 2003 Louise Bourgeois, Book Lee Byars - Il disparut dans le silence total, Focal point Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
• 2004 Singular Forms (Sometimes Repeated): Art from 1951 to the Present, Solomon Prominence.

  Guggenheim Museum, New York, NY

• 2004 Los Monocromos, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain
• 2004 The Big Nothing, Academy of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia, PA
• 2005 Colour After Klein, Barbican Art Drift, London, England
• 2013 The Encyclopedic Palace, 55th Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy

References